You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to diazepam or similar medicines (Klonopin>, Xanax, and others), or if you have myasthenia gravis, severe liver disease, narrow-angle glaucoma, a severe breathing problem, or sleep apnea.ĭo not stop using this medicine without asking your doctor. Keep the medication in a place where others cannot get to it.įatal side effects can occur if you use this medicine with opioid medicine, alcohol, or other drugs that cause drowsiness or slow your breathing. MISUSE OF DIAZEPAM CAN CAUSE ADDICTION, OVERDOSE, OR DEATH, especially in a child or other person using the medicine without a prescription. Warningsĭiazepam can slow or stop your breathing, especially if you have recently used an opioid medication, alcohol, or other drugs that can slow your breathing. It is thought that benzodiazepines work by enhancing the activity of certain neurotransmitters in the brain.ĭiazepam is used to treat anxiety disorders, or alcohol withdrawal symptoms.ĭiazepam is sometimes used with other medications to treat muscle spasms and stiffness, or seizures. Last updated on Feb 29, 2024.ĭiazepam is a benzodiazepine (ben-zoe-dye-AZE-eh-peen)). Medically reviewed by Melisa Puckey, BPharm. Persona K, Madej K, Knihnicki P, Pikoszewski W (2015) Analytical methodologies for the determination of benzodiazepines in biological samples.Generic name: diazepam (oral) ĭosage forms: oral concentrate (5 mg/mL), oral solution (5 mg/5 mL), oral tablet (10 mg 2 mg 5 mg)ĭrug classes: Benzodiazepine anticonvulsants, Benzodiazepines Manchester KR, Lomas EC, Waters L, Dempsey FC, Maskell PD (2018) The emergence of new psychoactive substance (NPS) benzodiazepines: A review. Licata SC, Rowlett JK (2008) Abuse and dependence liability of benzodiazepine-type drugs:GABA A receptor modulation and beyond. Kurko TAT, Saastamoinen LK, Tahkapaa S, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Taiminen T et al (2015) Long-term use of benzodiazepines: Definitions, prevalence and usage patterns-a systematic review of register-based studies. Howard P, Twycross R, Shuster J, Mihalyo M, Wilcock A (2014) Therapeutic reviews – Benzodiazepines.

Hoiseth G, Skogstad S, Karinen R (2016) Blood concentrations of new designer benzodiazepines in forensic cases. The chemistry, pharmacology, effects, and analysis of therapeutic and designer benzodiazepines are reviewed.īaselt RC (2020) Disposition of toxic drugs and chemicals in man, 12th edn. Analysis of benzodiazepines often requires the inclusion of metabolites, depending on the specimen being tested. In addition to the widely prescribed benzodiazepines such as alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam, and lorazepam, a number of analogs have been developed illicitly, including pyrazolam, flubromazolam, and others. Benzodiazepines have a high therapeutic index and, as a result, rarely cause death by themselves. Benzodiazepines bind to GABA A receptors and potentiate the inhibitory action of GABA. Benzodiazepines mediate their CNS-depressant activity through the neurotransmitter gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. Included in the structure is a phenyl ring attached to the 5-position of the diazepine, a requirement for benzodiazepine activity. The name of the class is derived from the combination of a benzene ring with a seven-membered diazepine ring.

They have been in use since the 1960s as anxiolytics, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants. Benzodiazepines are the most widely prescribed central nervous system (CNS) depressants in the United States.

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